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Predicting Control Beliefs in Older Adults: A Micro-Longitudinal Study.
Shenghao Zhang1, Alyssa A Gamaldo2, Shevaun D Neupert1
1Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh.
Summary
Older adults’ control beliefs fluctuate daily. Improved sleep self-efficacy and positive emotions enhance control, while daily stressors can decrease it, impacting well-being.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Gerontology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Control beliefs, including locus of control and perceived competence, are crucial for older adults' well-being.
- Understanding daily fluctuations in these beliefs is essential for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate daily variations in older adults' control beliefs.
- To identify predictors of intra-individual differences in locus of control and perceived competence.
Main Methods:
- A micro-longitudinal design was employed with 205 older adults (aged 60-94).
- Participants completed 8 in-person sessions over 3 weeks, assessing control beliefs, health, stressors, affect, and cognition.
Main Results:
- Higher daily sleep self-efficacy, positive affect, and lower negative affect predicted greater internal locus of control and perceived competence.
- Previous day stressors were linked to lower subsequent locus of control.
- Physical symptoms, everyday cognition, and memory failures showed predictive potential for locus of control.
Conclusions:
- Sleep self-efficacy and affect are key daily antecedents of control beliefs in older adults.
- The study highlights differentiated antecedents for locus of control and perceived competence.
- Future research should explore well-being and cognition's role in control belief antecedents.
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