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Effects of armed conflict on child health and development: A systematic review

Ayesha Kadir1,2, Sherry Shenoda3, Jeffrey Goldhagen3

  • 1Malmö Institute for Studies of Migration, Diversity and Welfare, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.

Plos One
|January 17, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Armed conflicts significantly harm children's physical health and development globally. More research is urgently needed on long-term effects and protective factors for child well-being in conflict zones.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Conflict Studies

Background:

  • Armed conflicts impact over 10% of the world's children.
  • Existing research predominantly focuses on mental health, leaving physical health and developmental impacts under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize current knowledge on the effects of armed conflict on child physical health and development.
  • To identify gaps in the literature regarding conflict's impact on children.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of global databases (1945-2017).
  • Inclusion of studies on physical and/or developmental outcomes in children under 18.
  • Data extraction on health outcomes, displacement, violence exposure, and access to basic needs.

Main Results:

  • 155 studies were included, with a predominance of case reports and cross-sectional designs.
  • Documented effects include mortality, injuries, illnesses, environmental exposures, and limited access to healthcare/education.
  • Violence exposure, including torture and sexual violence, was frequently reported.

Conclusions:

  • Armed conflict acts as a form of violence against children and a negative social determinant of health.
  • Urgent need for research on mechanisms linking conflict to child health and development.
  • Prioritize studies on child development, long-term effects, and protective factors.
Abstract

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