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Highly sensitive strain sensor based on composite interference established within S-tapered multimode fiber

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel S-tapered multimode fiber structure enhances strain sensing performance. This composite interference sensor achieves high sensitivity and resolution for accurate strain measurements.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Sensing
    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Traditional single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structures are used for sensing.
    • Enhancing the sensitivity and resolution of SMS fiber sensors is an ongoing challenge.
    • Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) offer potential for improved sensing capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel strain sensor based on composite interference in an S-tapered multimode (STM) fiber.
    • To investigate the performance enhancement of SMS fiber structures for strain sensing.
    • To achieve high sensitivity and resolution in a low-cost fiber optic strain sensor.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of an S-tapered fiber structure by non-axially tapering a traditional SMS fiber using a fusion splicer.
    • Establishment of composite interference by combining inherent multimode interference (MMI) with an introduced MZI within the MMF section.
    • Experimental demonstration and characterization of the strain sensing performance of the fabricated STM fiber sensor.

    Main Results:

    • A maximum strain measurement sensitivity of -103.8 pm/με was achieved.
    • A detectable strain resolution of 0.2 με was demonstrated.
    • The composite interference in the STM structure significantly enhanced strain sensing performance compared to traditional SMS structures.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed STM fiber structure successfully establishes composite interference for enhanced strain sensing.
    • The developed sensor exhibits high sensitivity, good repeatability, and a low cost.
    • This novel strain sensor has realistic applications in areas requiring high-accuracy strain measurement.