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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Semiconductor Lasers
    • Nonlinear Optics

    Background:

    • External cavity diode lasers typically tune towards longer wavelengths (red tuning).
    • Red tuning usually offers lower relative intensity noise (RIN) and higher output power.
    • Achieving blue tuning (long-to-short wavelength) with low noise and high power has been a challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate and analyze the feasibility of long-to-short wavelength (blue) tuning in a short, linear cavity diode laser.
    • To investigate the mechanisms enabling low noise and high power operation during blue tuning.
    • To evaluate the performance benefits of blue tuning, particularly its impact on coherence length for applications like optical coherence tomography (OCT).

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a short, linear cavity laser incorporating a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) for nonlinear frequency broadening.
    • Employing a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) tunable Fabry-Perot filter to clip the red portion of the spectrum.
    • Analyzing blue shifting during gain recovery as a key broadening mechanism.
    • Performing coherence and coherence revival measurements and simulations to validate the blue-tuning model.

    Main Results:

    • Successful demonstration of long-to-short wavelength (blue) tuning in a diode laser system.
    • Observation of nonlinear frequency broadening in the SOA followed by spectral clipping as the enabling mechanism.
    • Identification of blue shifting during gain recovery as a significant broadening process.
    • An approximate 50% advantage in coherence length for blue tuning compared to red tuning at the same filter bandwidth.

    Conclusions:

    • Blue tuning is achievable in short, linear cavity diode lasers, offering low noise and high power operation.
    • The demonstrated blue tuning mechanism, involving nonlinear broadening and spectral clipping, provides enhanced coherence length.
    • This advancement holds significant potential for improving imaging depth in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and other applications requiring long coherence lengths.