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Vitiligo-like lesions occurring in patients receiving anti-programmed cell death-1 therapies

Léa Dousset1, Katia Boniface2, Julien Seneschal3,2

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Pediatric Dermatology, National Center for Rare Skin Disorders, Saint-André and Pellegrin Hospitals, Bordeaux, France.

Giornale Italiano Di Dermatologia E Venereologia : Organo Ufficiale, Societa Italiana Di Dermatologia E Sifilografia
|January 18, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Vitiligo-like lesions are common skin side effects of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) cancer therapies. These lesions may indicate a better response to immunotherapy and improved patient survival.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Antibody-based therapies targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) are effective against metastatic cancers like melanoma.
  • Restoring immune function with anti-PD-1 therapies can cause immune-related adverse events, including cutaneous events.
  • Vitiligo-like lesions are a frequent skin adverse event associated with anti-PD-1 treatment, potentially more common than with other immunotherapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation of vitiligo-like lesions in patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapies.
  • To explore hypothesized mechanisms underlying the development of these lesions.
  • To discuss the potential association between vitiligo-like lesions and therapeutic response/patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical reports and studies on vitiligo-like lesions in patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy.
  • Analysis of the incidence and clinical characteristics of these lesions across various metastatic cancers.
  • Synthesis of proposed immunological mechanisms potentially driving lesion development.

Main Results:

  • Vitiligo-like lesions are increasingly reported in patients with metastatic cancers treated with anti-PD-1 agents.
  • These lesions may differ from spontaneous vitiligo and have been linked to enhanced anti-tumor response.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a correlation between these lesions and improved patient survival outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Vitiligo-like lesions are a significant cutaneous manifestation of anti-PD-1 therapy.
  • Understanding the mechanisms behind these lesions could offer insights into immunotherapy efficacy.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the prognostic implications of these lesions in cancer patients.

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