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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis
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A Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Enterococcus faecalis.

Bernd Neumann1, Karola Prior2, Jennifer K Bender3

  • 1Robert Koch Institute, Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistances, Wernigerode, Germany.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|January 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) scheme for Enterococcus faecalis provides high-resolution genotyping. This tool aids in tracking infections across human, animal, and food sources for enhanced One Health surveillance.

Keywords:
Enterococcus faecaliscore genome MLSTmolecular surveillancemolecular typingwhole-genome sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Enterococcus faecalis is a ubiquitous bacterium causing significant human and animal infections.
  • Its genetic plasticity challenges traditional molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
  • Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) offers potential for detailed epidemiological investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) scheme for Enterococcus faecalis.
  • To enhance the discriminatory power for epidemiological surveillance.
  • To establish a standardized nomenclature for One Health approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of 146 E. faecalis strains from diverse sources (hospital, food, animals, humans).
  • Development of a 1,972-gene cgMLST scheme using Ridom SeqSphere+ software.
  • Analysis of environmental, bacteremia, and public genome databases (NCBI, SRA).

Main Results:

  • A robust cgMLST scheme for E. faecalis was established.
  • The scheme successfully detected >95% of target genes in over 98.6% of tested genomes.
  • Genotyping results confirmed isolate backgrounds and provided superior typing resolution compared to previous methods.

Conclusions:

  • The developed cgMLST scheme is a powerful tool for E. faecalis genotyping.
  • It offers an internationally standardized nomenclature for surveillance.
  • This facilitates integrated public health, veterinary, and food safety monitoring under a One Health framework.