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A genetic perspective on Longobard-Era migrations.

Stefania Vai1, Andrea Brunelli2,3, Alessandra Modi1

  • 1Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Firenze, 50122, Florence, Italy.

European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG
|January 18, 2019
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Summary

Investigating the Longobard migration in Europe, this study analyzed mitochondrial DNA from early medieval cemeteries. Genetic similarities suggest admixture between Longobard culture (LC) and non-LC communities, revealing complex population dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Population Genetics
  • Ancient DNA Analysis
  • Early Medieval History

Background:

  • The Longobard migration significantly impacted European demographics, yet its dynamics and genetic consequences remain poorly understood.
  • Investigating early medieval population movements is crucial for understanding European genetic heritage.

Observation:

  • This study sequenced 87 complete mitochondrial genomes from nine early medieval cemeteries in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Italy.
  • Necropolises with and without Longobard culture (LC) markers were sampled, alongside pre-migration burials (NLC).

Findings:

  • Genetic analysis revealed shared rare haplogroups among LC individuals, indicating genetic similarity across regions.
  • Bayesian modeling (ABC) demonstrated genetic resemblance between Hungarian and Italian LC necropolises.
  • The strongest demographic model supported contact and admixture between LC and NLC communities.

Implications:

  • This research provides novel genetic insights into the Longobard migration's demographic impact.
  • The findings highlight complex admixture dynamics in medieval Europe, challenging previous assumptions.
  • Understanding these historical population movements enriches our knowledge of European genetic diversity.