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Exploring the first possessor bias in children.

Nicholaus S Noles1, Frank C Keil2

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America.

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Summary

Children aged 7-8 show a "first possessor bias" in ownership, especially in third-person scenarios. This bias lessens in first-person contexts and disappears in older children, suggesting context influences ownership attribution.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Social Cognition

Background:

  • Young children readily associate property with owners.
  • Prior research indicates children may conserve property with initial possessors, suggesting a potential 'first possessor bias'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the persistence of the first possessor bias in older children (ages 7-10).
  • To examine how contextual framing (third-person vs. first-person) influences ownership attributions.

Main Methods:

  • Presented property transfer scenarios to children aged 7-10.
  • Manipulated the narrative perspective (third-person vs. first-person) to assess ownership bias.
  • Analyzed ownership attributions based on age and context.

Main Results:

  • Seven- and 8-year-olds demonstrated a first possessor bias in third-person contexts.
  • This bias was significantly reduced or absent in first-person contexts.
  • Older children (beyond 8 years) did not exhibit a significant first possessor bias, regardless of context.

Conclusions:

  • The first possessor bias in ownership attribution may persist longer in childhood than previously thought.
  • Contextual perspective significantly moderates the first possessor bias, with first-person framing attenuating the effect.
  • Findings highlight the dynamic nature of property ownership understanding in developing children.