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Redox regulation by NRF2 in aging and disease
Cody J Schmidlin1, Matthew B Dodson1, Lalitha Madhavan2
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|January 18, 2019
Summary
As aging progresses, the master regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), declines. This decline exacerbates oxidative stress, contributing to aging and age-related diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Aging Research
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is crucial for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis.
- NRF2 levels naturally decrease with advancing age.
- This age-related decline impairs the cellular response to oxidative stress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical role of oxidative stress in aging.
- To examine the impact of declining NRF2 on the Hallmarks of Aging.
- To explore the connection between NRF2, oxidative stress, and age-related diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on NRF2, oxidative stress, and aging.
- Analysis of NRF2's role in cellular redox balance.
- Examination of oxidative stress's contribution to aging hallmarks.
Main Results:
- Reduced NRF2 activity allows oxidative stress to advance aging.
- Oxidative stress disrupts key cellular processes like proteostasis and genomic stability.
- The interplay between NRF2 decline and oxidative stress is linked to aging phenotypes.
Conclusions:
- Declining NRF2 is a significant factor in the aging process.
- Oxidative stress, exacerbated by low NRF2, drives multiple Hallmarks of Aging.
- Targeting NRF2 and oxidative stress may offer strategies against age-related diseases.
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