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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Self-stigma, stigma coping and functioning in remitted bipolar disorder.

Chi-Hung Au1, Corine Sau-Man Wong2, Chi-Wing Law1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

General Hospital Psychiatry
|January 18, 2019
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Summary

For individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), self-esteem decrement, a late stage of self-stigma, significantly impacts psychosocial functioning. Interventions should target early-stage coping strategies to mitigate negative effects.

Keywords:
Bipolar disorderFunctioningSelf-stigmaStigmaStigma coping

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Stigma negatively impacts individuals with bipolar disorder (BD).
  • The relationship between stigma coping, self-stigma, and functioning in BD remains under-researched.
  • The specific impact of different self-stigma stages on functioning is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how stigma coping strategies predict self-stigma in bipolar disorder.
  • To examine the association between stigma coping and social functioning in BD.
  • To determine how various stages of self-stigma influence social functioning in individuals with BD.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 115 remitted adults with BD.
  • Utilized validated scales: Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (C-SSMIS), Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST), and Stigma Coping Orientation Scale (SCOS).
  • Employed multiple regression analysis to assess associations.

Main Results:

  • Coping by secrecy correlated with stereotype agreement in self-stigma.
  • Coping by withdrawal linked to self-concurrence and self-esteem decrement.
  • Self-esteem decrement, a late-stage self-stigma, significantly predicted poorer social functioning (FAST scores), alongside symptom severity.

Conclusions:

  • Self-esteem decrement is a critical stage of self-stigma affecting psychosocial functioning in BD.
  • Early-stage interventions for BD should focus on stigma reduction.
  • Interventions should address dysfunctional stigma coping mechanisms.