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Related Concept Videos

Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

71.4K
Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Van der Waals Equation01:10

Van der Waals Equation

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The ideal gas law is an approximation that works well at high temperatures and low pressures. The van der Waals equation of state (named after the Dutch physicist Johannes van der Waals, 1837−1923) improves it by considering two factors.
First, the attractive forces between molecules, which are stronger at higher densities and reduce the pressure, are considered by adding to the pressure a term equal to the square of the molar density multiplied by a positive coefficient a. Second, the volume...
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Real Gases: Effects of Intermolecular Forces and Molecular Volume Deriving Van der Waals Equation04:01

Real Gases: Effects of Intermolecular Forces and Molecular Volume Deriving Van der Waals Equation

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Thus far, the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, has been applied to a variety of different types of problems, ranging from reaction stoichiometry and empirical and molecular formula problems to determining the density and molar mass of a gas. However, the behavior of a gas is often non-ideal, meaning that the observed relationships between its pressure, volume, and temperature are not accurately described by the gas laws.
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Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

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It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
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Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules02:35

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

64.9K
Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

57.3K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials
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Light from van der Waals quantum tunneling devices.

Markus Parzefall1, Áron Szabó2, Takashi Taniguchi3

  • 1Photonics Laboratory, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland. mparzefall@ethz.ch.

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|January 19, 2019
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Researchers developed novel van der Waals quantum tunneling devices to control light emission. These devices enable enhanced photon emission, paving the way for new nanophotonic technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum phenomena
  • Nanophotonics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Controlling light emission from quantum tunneling is challenging due to complex electrical and optical interactions at the atomic scale.
  • Existing methods struggle to independently manage electronic and photonic properties in quantum tunneling devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new device architecture for disentangling electronic and photonic pathways in quantum tunneling.
  • To achieve enhanced control and emission of light via quantum tunneling phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures using gold, hexagonal boron nitride, and graphene.
  • Integration of these heterostructures with optical nanocube antennas.
  • Investigation of inelastic electron tunneling for photon and surface plasmon polariton emission.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that inelastic tunneling in van der Waals heterostructures emits photons and surface plasmon polaritons.
  • Achieved a four-orders-of-magnitude enhancement in photon emission rate using optical nanocube antennas.
  • Showcased resonant enhancement of light emission within narrow frequency bands.

Conclusions:

  • The developed van der Waals quantum tunneling devices successfully decouple electronic and photonic properties.
  • This architecture enables significant enhancement of light emission, offering a new platform for nanophotonic devices.
  • The findings pave the way for a new generation of quantum tunneling-driven nanophotonic devices.