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Novel role of microRNA-126 in digestive system cancers: From bench to bedside

Mingli Hu1, Shengwei Xiong1, Qiaofeng Chen1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China.

Oncology Letters
|January 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) acts as a tumor suppressor in digestive system cancers by downregulating oncogenes. Its reduced levels indicate potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for these cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • miRNAs are critical in disease development, including various cancers, necessitating research into tumorigenesis mechanisms.
  • Effective cancer treatments and early diagnostic biomarkers are lacking, highlighting the need for further understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microRNA-126 (miR-126) in digestive system cancers (DSCs).
  • To summarize miR-126's dysregulation, target genes, and associated signaling pathways in DSCs.
  • To discuss the potential clinical applications of miR-126 as a biomarker and therapeutic target for DSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on miR-126 in DSCs.
  • Analysis of miR-126's regulatory functions on specific oncogenes.
  • Examination of signaling pathways influenced by miR-126, such as angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is frequently downregulated in several tumor types and acts as a tumor suppressor in DSCs.
  • miR-126 targets and downregulates oncogenes like disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 9, v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog, and phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2.
  • These targeted oncogenes are implicated in critical tumor-associated signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • miR-126 plays a significant tumor-suppressive role in DSCs.
  • Dysregulation of miR-126 impacts key oncogenic pathways.
  • miR-126 holds promise as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and a therapeutic target for DSCs.
Keywords:
clinical applicationsdigestive system cancersmicroRNA-126signaling pathwaystarget genes

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