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Automated speech analysis identified restricted fundamental frequency range and increased pause rate as key speech biomarkers in non-fluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia. These acoustic markers correlate with brain atrophy and tau levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurolinguistics
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) encompasses neurodegenerative conditions affecting language.
  • Non-fluent/agrammatic PPA (nfvPPA) is characterized by deficits in speech production and grammar.
  • Objective acoustic analysis of speech prosody may reveal subtle biomarkers for PPA subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply automated speech analysis to quantify prosodic biomarkers in PPA.
  • To investigate the relationship between acoustic speech features and PPA subtypes.
  • To correlate speech biomarkers with neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings.

Main Methods:

  • Speech samples from 59 PPA patients (nfvPPA, semantic, logopenic) and 31 controls were analyzed.
  • Automated acoustic analysis extracted fundamental frequency (pitch) range and pause durations.
  • Correlations were examined with clinical assessments, gray matter atrophy, and CSF biomarkers (phosphorylated tau).

Main Results:

  • nfvPPA patients exhibited a significantly narrowed fundamental frequency range compared to controls and semantic PPA.
  • Increased pause rates were observed in nfvPPA and logopenic PPA groups versus controls.
  • Narrowed pitch range correlated with left inferior frontal cortex atrophy; acoustic markers correlated with CSF tau levels.

Conclusions:

  • Restricted fundamental frequency range and increased pause rate are distinct speech markers for nfvPPA.
  • Automated speech analysis effectively extracts these biomarkers.
  • These acoustic findings are associated with underlying neuropathology, including frontal atrophy and tau accumulation.