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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
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Work ability and work functioning: measuring change in individuals recently returned to work.

A van Schaaijk1, K Nieuwenhuijsen2, M H W Frings-Dresen2

  • 1Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, PO Box 22660, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. a.vanschaaijk@amc.uva.nl.

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
|January 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Work ability and functioning instruments inadequately detected changes post-return to work (RTW). However, 10-15% of workers showed measurable improvements within 5 weeks of RTW, based on the smallest detectable change (SDC).

Keywords:
Minimally clinical important differenceOccupational physicianReturn to workSmallest detectable changeWork Ability Score

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational health
  • Rehabilitation medicine
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Assessing return to work (RTW) effectiveness is crucial for employee well-being and productivity.
  • Validated instruments are needed to accurately measure changes in work ability and functioning post-RTW.
  • Understanding the proportion of workers experiencing improvement is key for evaluating RTW programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if work ability and work functioning instruments can detect meaningful changes after RTW.
  • To determine the percentage of individuals demonstrating changes in work ability and functioning post-RTW.

Main Methods:

  • 1073 workers returning after sick leave completed work ability and functioning questionnaires within 8 weeks of RTW.
  • Minimal Important Change (MIC) and Smallest Detectable Change (SDC) were calculated to assess score changes.
  • Analysis focused on 235 eligible participants to determine instrument sensitivity and change proportions.

Main Results:

  • MIC values were below SDC, indicating instruments were not sensitive enough to detect clinically relevant changes.
  • The SDC for work ability was 2.2 and for work functioning was 19.9.
  • 10-15% of workers demonstrated measurable improvements in work ability and functioning within 5 weeks post-RTW, using SDC thresholds.

Conclusions:

  • Current work ability and functioning instruments demonstrated limitations in adequately detecting change post-RTW.
  • Despite instrument limitations, 10-15% of individuals showed improvement in work ability and functioning within 5 weeks, as defined by SDC.