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Association between probiotic supplementation and asthma incidence in infants: a meta-analysis of randomized

Xiaochen Wei1, Ping Jiang2, Jiangbo Liu2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.

The Journal of Asthma : Official Journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma
|January 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Probiotics do not significantly reduce asthma or wheeze risk in infants overall. However, they may lower wheeze incidence in infants with atopy disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Microbiome Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Infant asthma presents significant social and economic challenges.
  • Probiotics are explored for asthma prevention, but trial results are inconsistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of probiotic supplementation in preventing asthma and wheeze in infants through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases up to August 2018.
  • Inclusion of 19 RCTs with 5157 children comparing probiotics to placebo for infant asthma/wheeze.
  • Meta-analysis using Mantel-Haenszel method to calculate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Main Results:

  • Overall, probiotics showed no significant association with reduced asthma risk (RR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.82-1.09]) or wheeze (RR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.88-1.06]).
  • A significant reduction in wheeze incidence was observed in infants with atopy disease (RR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.42-0.90]).
  • No significant effects were found in other subgroup analyses based on intervention details or probiotic type.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotic supplementation does not appear to lower the overall risk of asthma in infants compared to placebo.
  • Current evidence does not support recommending probiotics for infant asthma prevention, except potentially for reducing wheeze in infants with atopy.

Keywords:
Probioticasthmainfantmeta-analysiswheeze

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