Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Fixed Action Patterns

Fixed Action Patterns

A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.

Patterns of Fever

Patterns of Fever

Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.

Responses to Gravity and Touch

Responses to Gravity and Touch

Gravitropism: Plant Responses to Gravity

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Next-Generation Sequencing Consensus Guidelines for Sarcoma: Progress, Gaps, and the Path Forward.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2026

Same author

ERBB2/HER2 landscape and prognostic impact: large-scale, real-world analysis across solid cancers.

ESMO open·2026

Same author

Interleukin-2 transcriptomic expression correlates with prolonged survival and with GNAS alterations in patients with advanced cancers.

ESMO open·2026

Same author

Targeting Regulatory T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy: Promises and Pitfalls.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2026

Same author

DART (NCI/SWOG S1609): comprehensive final results from dual checkpoint inhibition with CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade in rare cancers.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2026

Same author

Cytokine release symptoms rather than syndromes: a call for granular reporting of cytokine-related adverse events in clinical trials.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Published on: December 17, 2019

Novel patterns of response under immunotherapy.

E Borcoman¹, Y Kanjanapan², S Champiat³

¹Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, Saint-Cloud, France.

Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology

|January 19, 2019

Summary

Immunotherapy offers durable responses in some advanced cancers, but novel progression patterns like pseudoprogression and hyperprogression require careful management. Current criteria may not fully capture these unique immune-related response patterns.

Keywords:

durable response hyperprogression immunotherapy pseudoprogression response assessment treatment beyond progression

More Related Videos

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

Published on: August 30, 2014

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Published on: February 2, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Published on: December 17, 2019

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

Published on: August 30, 2014

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice

Published on: February 2, 2014

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunotherapy
Cancer Research

Background:

Immunotherapy presents unique response and progression patterns distinct from conventional cancer treatments.
Durable responses, maintained long-term even after treatment cessation, are a significant breakthrough in advanced cancers.
However, a standardized definition for durable response and optimal treatment duration remains undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

To review novel patterns of response and progression observed with cancer immunotherapy.
To discuss the clinical implications of pseudoprogression, hyperprogression, and dissociated responses.
To evaluate existing criteria for assessing immunotherapy response and identify limitations.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies reporting on immunotherapy response and progression patterns.
Analysis of reported rates and characteristics of pseudoprogression, hyperprogression, and dissociated responses.
Comparison of immune-specific criteria with traditional RECIST criteria for response assessment.

Main Results:

Pseudoprogression, observed in <10% of patients, involves initial progression followed by lesion regression.
Hyperprogression, occurring in 4-29% of cases, signifies rapid disease acceleration under immunotherapy.
Dissociated responses show mixed progression and regression across different lesions.
Existing immune-specific criteria primarily address pseudoprogression, not hyperprogression or dissociated responses.

Conclusions:

Immunotherapy can lead to durable responses but also presents complex progression patterns.
Careful patient selection is crucial for treatment beyond progression, especially considering pseudoprogression.
Hyperprogression necessitates treatment interruption, while dissociated responses may require combined local and systemic therapies.
RECIST criteria remain a practical method for assessing immunotherapy response in clinical practice, despite limitations in capturing all immune-related patterns.