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18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT and Parathyroid 4D Computed Tomography for Primary Hyperparathyroidism: The Challenge of
Coralie Amadou1, Géraldine Bera2,3, Malek Ezziane4
1Department of Thyroid and Endocrine Tumours, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
Background:
To evaluate FCH-PET/CT and parathyroid 4D-CT so as to guide surgery in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and prior neck surgery.
Methods:
Medical records of all patients referred for a FCH-PET/CT in our institution were systematically reviewed. Only patients with pHPT, a history of neck surgery (for pHPT or another reason) and an indication of reoperation were included. All patients had parathyroid ultrasound (US) and Tc-99m-sestaMIBI scintigraphy, and furthermore, some patients had 4D-CT. Gold standard was defined by pathological findings and/or US-guided fine-needle aspiration with PTH level measurement in the washing liquid.
Results:
Twenty-nine patients were included in this retrospective study. FCH-PET/CT identified 34 abnormal foci including 19 ectopic localizations. 4D-CT, performed in 20 patients, detected 11 abnormal glands at first reading and 6 more under FCH-PET/CT guidance. US and Tc-99m-sestaMIBI found concordant foci in 8/29 patients. Gold standard was obtained for 32 abnormal FCH-PET/CT foci in 27 patients. On a per-lesion analysis, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were, respectively, 96%, 13%, 77% and 50% for FCH-PET/CT, 75%, 40%, 80% and 33% for 4D-CT. On a per-patient analysis, sensitivity was 85% for FCH-PET/CT and 63% for 4D-CT. FCH-PET/CT results made it possible to successfully remove an abnormal gland in 21 patients, including 12 with a negative or discordant US/Tc-99m-sestaMIBI scintigraphy result, with a global cure rate of 73%.
Conclusion:
FCH-PET/CT is a promising tool in the challenging population of reoperative patients with pHPT. Parathyroid 4D-CT appears as a confirmatory imaging modality.
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