Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

12.5K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
12.5K
Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

65.2K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
65.2K
Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

9.7K
Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
9.7K
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

1.1K
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
1.1K
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

13.5K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.5K
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

4.0K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Management of systemic lupus erythematosus-Including secondary antiphospholipid syndrome, fertility and pregnancy : S3 guidelines of the German Society for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology and the German Society for Neurology (DGN), German Society for Internal Medicine (DGIM), German Cardiac Society (DGK), Society for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research (GTH), German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO), German Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine (DGKJ), Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology (GKJR), German Society for Nephrology (DGfN), German Society for Pneumology and Ventilation Medicine (DGP), German Rheumatism League National Association, Lupus Erythematosus Self-help Community, German Dermatological Society (DDG). Version: 1.2].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2025
Same author

[Diagnosis and treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis : S3 guideline of the German Society for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology e. V. (DGRh) and German Society for Internal Medicine e. V. (DGIM), German Society for Nephrology e. V. (DGfN), German Society for ENT Medicine and Head and Neck Surgery e. V. (DGHNO-KHC), German Ophthalmological Society e. V. (DOG), German Society for Neurology e. V. (DGN), German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine e. V. (DGP), German Society for Pathology e. V. (DGP), German Radiological Society, Society for Medical Radiology e. V. (DRG), Federal Association of German Pathologists, Federal Kidney Association e. V., German Rheumatism League Federal Association e. V.]

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2025
Same author

[Diagnosis and treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis : SHORT VERSION of the S3 guideline of the German Society for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology e. V. (DGRh) and German Society for Internal Medicine e. V. (DGIM), German Society for Nephrology e. V. (DGfN), German Society for Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery e. V. (DGHNO-KHC), German Ophthalmological Society e. V. (DOG), German Society for Neurology e. V. (DGN), German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine e. V. (DGP), German Society for Pathology e. V. (DGP), German Radiological Society, Society for Medical Radiology e. V. (DRG), Federal Association of German Pathologists, Federal Kidney Association e. V., German Rheumatism League Federal Association e. V.]

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2025
Same author

[Corona vaccination under immunosuppression].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2024
Same author

[Influence of underlying disease and immunosuppression on the immunocompetence in inflammatory rheumatic diseases].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2023
Same author

[Further development of regional early care-Many roads lead to Rome : Developmental stages of four established rheumatological early care concepts in different regions of Germany].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2022
Same journal

[Prevention strategies in rheumatoid arthritis : From primary prevention to targeted drug interception].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2026
Same journal

Methodological concerns and data discrepancies in the indirect treatment comparison of belimumab and anifrolumab.

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2026
Same journal

Evaluating the comparative efficacy of belimumab vs. anifrolumab in systemic lupus erythematosus: a response.

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2026
Same journal

[Update: DMARDs for MGUS].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2026
Same journal

[A potpourri of diagnoses-Unusual manifestations of a chronic inflammatory bowel disease : Case report].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2026
Same journal

[Not measurable but immeasurably important : Fever-The leading symptom of ancient medical theory].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Oral Bacterial Infection and Shedding in Drosophila melanogaster
09:32

Oral Bacterial Infection and Shedding in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.5K

[Infections].

H-M Lorenz1,2, C Kneitz3

  • 1Medizinische Universitätsklinik V: Hämatologie, Onkologie, Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
|January 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with rheumatic diseases require individualized infection risk assessments, considering disease activity, immunosuppression, and comorbidities. Proactive measures like vaccinations and cautious antibiotic use are key to minimizing infection risks and preventing pathogen resistance.

Keywords:
ImmunosuppressionPre-existing diseasesProphylactic treatmentRheumatic diseasesVaccination

More Related Videos

Bioluminescence Imaging to Detect Late Stage Infection of African Trypanosomiasis
07:59

Bioluminescence Imaging to Detect Late Stage Infection of African Trypanosomiasis

Published on: May 18, 2016

8.3K
Use of Galleria mellonella as a Model Organism to Study Legionella pneumophila Infection
12:30

Use of Galleria mellonella as a Model Organism to Study Legionella pneumophila Infection

Published on: November 22, 2013

41.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Oral Bacterial Infection and Shedding in Drosophila melanogaster
09:32

Oral Bacterial Infection and Shedding in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.5K
Bioluminescence Imaging to Detect Late Stage Infection of African Trypanosomiasis
07:59

Bioluminescence Imaging to Detect Late Stage Infection of African Trypanosomiasis

Published on: May 18, 2016

8.3K
Use of Galleria mellonella as a Model Organism to Study Legionella pneumophila Infection
12:30

Use of Galleria mellonella as a Model Organism to Study Legionella pneumophila Infection

Published on: November 22, 2013

41.4K

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Patients with rheumatic diseases often face increased infection risks due to their underlying condition and immunosuppressive therapies.
  • Assessing individual infection risk requires a comprehensive review of patient-specific factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a framework for individualized infection risk assessment in patients with rheumatic diseases.
  • To highlight key factors and preventive strategies for managing infections in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing patient history for disease severity, immunosuppressive treatment intensity, and comorbidities.
  • Considering past severe infections and specific conditions like tuberculosis and viral hepatitis.
  • Evaluating the need for prophylactic antibiotics and recommending vaccinations.

Main Results:

  • Individualized risk assessment is crucial for managing infections in rheumatic disease patients.
  • Key risk factors include disease activity, immunosuppression, comorbidities, and history of infections.
  • Preventive strategies involve careful antibiotic use and timely vaccinations.

Conclusions:

  • A personalized approach to infection risk assessment is essential for optimizing patient care in rheumatology.
  • Vaccinations and judicious use of prophylactic antibiotics can significantly mitigate infection risks.
  • Preventing resistant pathogens is a critical consideration in antibiotic therapy decisions.