Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

2.5K
Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
2.5K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

8.8K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
8.8K
Nuclear Stability03:18

Nuclear Stability

23.2K
Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...
23.2K
Nuclear Fusion02:45

Nuclear Fusion

33.8K
The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
33.8K
Non-nuclear Inheritance01:29

Non-nuclear Inheritance

23.2K
Most DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell. However, some organelles in the cell cytoplasm⁠—such as chloroplasts and mitochondria⁠—also have their own DNA. These organelles replicate their DNA independently of the nuclear DNA of the cell in which they reside. Non-nuclear inheritance describes the inheritance of genes from structures other than the nucleus.
23.2K
Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

20.7K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
20.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ACSS2-mediated metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk drives Fulvestrant resistance and represents a novel therapeutic target.

NPJ breast cancer·2026
Same author

Reciprocal Macrophage-MSC Crosstalk Drives Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Phenotypes in a Mineralized Collagen Scaffold.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A·2026
Same author

Integrated platform for EV separation and controlled release based on gelatin microspheres for diabetic wound treatment.

Regenerative biomaterials·2026
Same author

Exercise suppresses breast cancer and reprograms the immune tumor microenvironment, cancer cell intrinsic features, and their interaction.

Journal of sport and health science·2026
Same author

Hypoxia-Challenged sEVs-Engineered Nanofiber Scaffolds Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing via Reversing Cellular Dysfunction of Skin Repair Cells.

Research (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

Loss of Mast cells and histaminergic signaling link diet to platelet-mediated NETosis and mammary cancer recurrence.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Production of Synthetic Nuclear Melt Glass
04:36

Production of Synthetic Nuclear Melt Glass

Published on: January 4, 2016

9.9K

Oxysterols and nuclear receptors.

Liqian Ma1, Erik R Nelson2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|January 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Oxysterols, cholesterol metabolites, regulate cholesterol and immune responses by engaging nuclear receptors. Their multifaceted roles impact diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's, necessitating targeted therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
27-HydroxycholesterolBreast cancerCholesterolEstrogen receptorLiver x receptorOxysterolSelective estrogen receptor modulatorSelective nuclear receptor modulator

More Related Videos

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
10:51

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

13.2K
Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins
10:03

Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins

Published on: August 10, 2014

12.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Production of Synthetic Nuclear Melt Glass
04:36

Production of Synthetic Nuclear Melt Glass

Published on: January 4, 2016

9.9K
Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
10:51

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

13.2K
Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins
10:03

Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins

Published on: August 10, 2014

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Oxysterols are cholesterol derivatives crucial for cholesterol metabolism.
  • They act as ligands for various nuclear receptors, including liver X receptors (LXRs).
  • Oxysterols also interact with RAR-related orphan receptors (RORs), influencing T cell differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in oxysterol research.
  • To highlight oxysterol functions mediated by nuclear receptors (LXRs, estrogen receptors, RORs, glucocorticoid receptor).
  • To discuss the impact of oxysterol-nuclear receptor interactions on immune regulation and disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent developments in oxysterol research.
  • Analysis of oxysterol interactions with multiple nuclear receptors.
  • Examination of oxysterol roles in immune cells (macrophages, T cells) and disease models.

Main Results:

  • Oxysterols modulate immune functions, including macrophage pro-inflammatory activity and T cell development.
  • Oxysterol-nuclear receptor interactions are implicated in diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and atherosclerosis.
  • Evidence suggests selective modulation of nuclear receptors by oxysterols is key to their diverse biological effects.

Conclusions:

  • Oxysterols play significant roles in cholesterol metabolism, immune regulation, and disease pathogenesis.
  • Their effects are mediated through complex interactions with multiple nuclear receptors.
  • Understanding these multifaceted roles is essential for developing targeted therapeutic interventions.