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Systemic calprotectin and chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
Xavier Romand1, Chloé Bernardy1, Minh Vu Chuong Nguyen2
1GREPI, EA 7408, University Grenoble Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France.
Joint Bone Spine
|January 21, 2019
Summary
Calprotectin, a key inflammation marker in rheumatic diseases, shows promise for monitoring disease activity and predicting progression. Further standardization is needed for reliable clinical use.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Calprotectin is a calcium-binding protein produced at inflammatory sites by neutrophils and monocytes.
- It plays a role in innate immunity and serves as a proxy for local inflammation in chronic rheumatic diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the utility of systemic calprotectin as a diagnostic, activity, and prognostic biomarker in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
- To discuss the potential of serum/plasma calprotectin in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating serum or plasma calprotectin levels.
- Analysis of calprotectin's role in disease activity assessment, progression prediction, and treatment response.
Main Results:
- Calprotectin is a potential biomarker for assessing and monitoring disease activity in inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
- It has shown predictive ability for radiological progression in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
- Serum calprotectin may predict relapse risk in ANCA-associated vasculitis and inflammatory bowel disease development in spondyloarthritis.
Conclusions:
- Systemic calprotectin holds significant interest as a biomarker in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
- Standardization of assays is crucial for replicating and comparing study findings.
- Further large-cohort studies are required to validate controversial results and establish clinical utility.
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