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Huntington Disease l: Introduction01:21

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...
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Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
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Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
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Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

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Suicide in Parkinson's disease.

Melissa Deanna Shepard1, Kate Perepezko2, Martijn P G Broen3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA mshepar6@jhmi.edu.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|January 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP) face significant suicide risks. This review synthesizes literature on suicidality in PwP, offering insights for clinical intervention and future research to improve care for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
Parkinson's diseasemovement disordersneuropsychiatrypsychiatry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PwP) is associated with numerous risk factors for suicide and suicidal ideation (SI).
  • There is a significant gap in understanding suicidality within the PwP population.
  • Existing literature requires synthesis to guide clinical practice and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize the available literature on suicidality in persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP).
  • To identify prevalence, methods, risk factors, and treatments for suicide and SI in PwP.
  • To highlight areas for potential intervention and future research.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic review of scientific literature.
  • Identified and analyzed 116 articles pertaining to SI, suicidal behaviors, suicide attempts, and fatal suicide in PwP.
  • Synthesized findings on prevalence, methods, risk factors, and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • The review encompassed 116 articles detailing various aspects of suicidality in PwP.
  • Key findings include data on the prevalence of SI and suicidal behaviors.
  • Information on common suicide methods, identified risk factors, and current treatment approaches was compiled.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should aggressively treat depression in PwP to mitigate suicide risk.
  • Improved screening for access to lethal means is crucial for identifying and managing at-risk individuals.
  • Further research is needed to refine interventions and enhance the identification and treatment of suicidality in PwP.