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Lessons learned about occupation-focused and occupation-based interventions: A synthesis using group concept mapping

Kristina Tomra Nielsen1,2,3, Karen la Cour1,4, Jeanette Reffstrup Christensen1,5

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Summary

Occupational therapy (OT) interventions centered on occupation are effective when

Keywords:
Occupational therapyconcept mappingintervention developmentstudy planning

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy research
  • Intervention science

Background:

  • Occupational therapy (OT) assumes individuals are active beings engaged in occupations.
  • Occupation is central to OT interventions, yet studies evaluating these approaches are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize experiences with occupation-focused and occupation-based interventions.
  • To identify, organize, and prioritize experiences using occupation as a core element in OT intervention studies.

Main Methods:

  • Group Concept Mapping was used.
  • Participants included PhD students and researchers in OT involved in occupation-focused/based intervention studies.

Main Results:

  • A conceptual model emerged with dimensions for 'developing interventions' and 'planning intervention studies'.
  • Ten themes were defined, with 94 ideas rated highly important across clusters.

Conclusions:

  • Engaging in 'doing' is a core change agent in OT interventions.
  • Sustainable change requires a multi-level perspective, flexibility, and group/peer support.
  • Complex interventions necessitate specialized design, mixed methods, and occupation-focused outcome evaluation.