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Lessons learned? Changes in dietary behavior after a coronary event.

Pedro Marques-Vidal¹, Ana Sofia Quinteiros Fidalgo¹, Daniela Schneid Schuh²

¹Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

|January 22, 2019

Summary

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) showed altered dietary intake post-event, with increased energy consumption and reduced low-fat diet adherence. Secondary prevention through diet is rarely implemented in Switzerland for CAD patients.

Keywords:

Coronary artery disease Diet Dietary guidelines Prospective study Secondary prevention

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Nutritional Science
Public Health

Background:

Dietary recommendations are crucial for preventing coronary artery disease (CAD).
Patient adherence to healthy diets after a CAD event remains unclear.
Understanding dietary changes post-CAD is essential for effective secondary prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the impact of a coronary artery disease (CAD) event on patients' dietary intake.
To compare dietary patterns between CAD patients and controls.
To evaluate dietary changes before and after a CAD event.

Main Methods:

Prospective, population-based, observational study (2009-2017).
Dietary intake assessed via validated food frequency questionnaire.
Three analyses: CAD history vs. controls, pre/post-CAD event, incident CAD vs. controls.

Main Results:

CAD patients had lower total energy intake than controls (1833 vs. 1940 kcal/day).
Post-CAD event, total energy intake increased (1927 vs. 2100 kcal/day), and low-fat diet adherence decreased (35.6% vs. 21.8%).
Incident CAD cases showed higher vegetable protein intake and adherence to vegetable guidelines compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Dietary intake significantly changes following a coronary artery disease (CAD) event.
Secondary prevention of CAD through dietary modifications is underutilized in Switzerland.
Further research and interventions are needed to improve dietary adherence in CAD patients.