Endocavitary versus Linear Array High-Frequency Probe in Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Subclavian Vein Central...

Vascular access is a top priority in the critically ill patients. Cannulation - venous and/or arterial - is the first step in any emergency situation. Ultrasound (US)-guided vascular cannulation was found to have a higher success rate and a decreased incidence of mechanical complications as compared with the landmark one.

This study aims to compare subclavian vein (SCV) access through supraclavicular (SC) approach by endocavitary (EC) probe technique versus linear array high-frequency probe technique.

A prospective, randomized controlled study conducted on 60 patients.

Study was carried out on 60 adult patients presenting for the surgical intensive care unit in Fayoum University Hospital. Patients were classified into two groups: Group (A) (n = 30): Catheter was inserted using the EC probe and Group (B) (n = 30): Catheter was inserted using the linear array high-frequency probe.

Student's t-test was applied for calculation of normally distributed variables and Mann-Whitney U-test for nonnormally distributed variables. Categorical data between the groups were compared using Chi-squared test. P < 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference.

The frequency of successful cannulation of the SCV at first attempt was significantly higher in Group A compared to Group B (P = 0.044). The number of attempts and the time needed for venous access were significantly lower in Group A compared to Group B (P = 0.038, <0.001 respectively). No significant difference was found regarding the incidence of posterior wall puncture, arterial puncture, or hematoma, (P = 0.671, 0.055, 1 respectively).

The use of EC probe technique for Subclavian venous access through the SC approach significantly increased the success rate compared to the linear array high-frequency probe.