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Contact urticaria--a review.

S K Ng1

  • 1Middle Road Hospital, Singapore.

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
|October 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contact urticaria, a skin reaction, can be triggered by immunologic or non-immunologic factors. Diagnostic tests like the prick test require caution, especially for those with a history of anaphylactoid reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Contact urticaria presents as a rapid wheel and flare reaction following skin or mucosal exposure.
  • Its pathogenesis involves immunologic, non-immunologic, or uncertain mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms and diagnostic approaches for contact urticaria.
  • To highlight key contact urticants and relevant diagnostic models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of contact urticaria mechanisms and diagnostics.
  • Identification of common immunologic (e.g., latex) and non-immunologic (e.g., preservatives) urticants.
  • Discussion of diagnostic tests, including the prick test and guinea pig ear model.

Main Results:

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  • Immunologic urticants include animal products, foodstuffs, and rubber latex.
  • Non-immunologic urticants often involve cosmetic and food preservatives and flavoring agents.
  • Ammonium persulphate is noted for its uncertain mechanism in causing contact urticaria.
  • The prick test is valuable but requires caution in patients with anaphylactoid reaction history.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the diverse mechanisms of contact urticaria is crucial for diagnosis.
  • Appropriate diagnostic methods, like the prick test, aid in identifying triggers.
  • The guinea pig ear model serves as a useful tool for evaluating non-immunologic contact urticants.