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Relationship between Sarcopenia and mTOR Pathway in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Preliminary Report

Sílvia Fernandes Maurício1, Simone de Vasconcelos Generoso1, Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira1

  • 1a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil.

Nutrition and Cancer
|January 22, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass and strength, impacts cancer patients. This study found differences in the mTOR signaling pathway between controls and cancer patients, but not between cancer patients with or without sarcopenia.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Sarcopenia is a critical condition in cancer patients, affecting outcomes and mortality.
  • Decreased protein synthesis is a key molecular event in sarcopenia, with the mTOR signaling pathway implicated.
  • Understanding sarcopenia's molecular basis is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and the mTOR signaling pathway in patients undergoing colorectal resection.
  • To compare mTOR pathway activity in control, cancer non-sarcopenic, and cancer sarcopenic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Sarcopenia assessment involved computerized tomography for muscle mass and hand grip strength.
  • Rectus abdominis muscle biopsy was performed during surgery.
  • The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was analyzed using a MILLIPLEX Map Kit, measuring the phospho/total mTOR ratio.

Main Results:

  • Sarcopenia was present in 36.1% of cancer patients.
  • A significant difference in the phospho/total mTOR ratio was observed between the control group and both cancer groups (non-sarcopenic and sarcopenic).
  • No significant difference in the phospho/total mTOR ratio was found between cancer patients with and without sarcopenia.

Conclusions:

  • The mTOR signaling pathway is altered in cancer patients compared to healthy individuals.
  • Further research is required to fully elucidate the role of the mTOR pathway in cancer-associated sarcopenia and its clinical implications.

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