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Updated: Jan 30, 2026
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Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury
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The effect of impact location on brain strain
1a Department of Mechanical Engineering , Technological University Dublin , Tallaght, Dublin , Ireland.
Brain Injury
|January 22, 2019
Summary
Impact direction significantly affects brain strain. Lateral impacts cause high corpus callosum strain, while frontal impacts lead to high midbrain strain, crucial for understanding head injury biomechanics.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Neuroscience
- Injury Prevention
Background:
- Understanding head injury biomechanics is critical for developing effective safety measures.
- Previous research has explored various aspects of head impacts, but the specific influence of impact direction on brain strain requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how the direction of impact influences the strains experienced within the brain.
- To quantify the differential strain patterns in brain tissues based on impact orientation.
Main Methods:
- Laboratory drop tests using an instrumented Hybrid III head-form.
- Finite element (FE) head model simulations to analyze impact dynamics and resulting brain strains.
- Simulations incorporated 6 degrees of freedom and varied impact heights and orientations (frontal, rear, lateral).
Main Results:
- Angular accelerations were up to 30% higher in lateral and rear impacts compared to frontal impacts.
- Frontal impacts resulted in high midbrain strains (41%), while lateral impacts of equivalent energy caused high corpus callosum strains (44%).
Conclusions:
- The direction of impact is a critical factor in determining brain strain patterns.
- Lateral impacts induce maximal strain in the corpus callosum, whereas frontal impacts generate significant strain in the midbrain.
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