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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior
Published on: March 2, 2015
Depressive symptoms and factors associated with depression and suicidal behavior in substances user in treatment:
Sandra Cristina Pillon1, Kelly Graziani Giacchero Vedana1, Jessica Adrielle Teixeira1
1University of São Paulo (USP), Psychiatric Nursing and Human Science Department, Faculty of Nursing at Ribeirão Preto (EERP), Brazil; PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Brazil.
Aim:
To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms, psychological problems, suicidal behaviour and their associations in substance users in treatment.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study, with 307 substance users in an out-patient treatment facility, was undertaken. Socio-demographic data, psychoactive substances used, depressive symptoms, and suicide information were obtained.
Results:
70% of participants were depressed; of those, 8.1% were either under the influence of drugs or in withdrawal. Suicidal ideation was found to be present in those who had anxiety, were nervous, had depressive symptoms, or were under drug influence or in withdrawal.
Conclusion:
It is important to identify potential suicidal risk factors and implement the management of these conditions in substance users.
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