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Related Concept Videos

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

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Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity
11:28

Analytical Techniques for Assaying Nitric Oxide Bioactivity

Published on: June 18, 2012

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Nitric Oxide Story.

Warren M Zapol1

  • 1From the Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Anesthesiology
|January 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) rapidly improved oxygen levels in newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension. This treatment effectively reversed hypoxemia without causing hypotension or increasing methemoglobin.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a critical condition characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance.
  • Nitric oxide (NO) is known to cause vasodilation in the pulmonary vasculature in adults and animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on systemic oxygenation and blood pressure in infants diagnosed with PPHN.

Main Methods:

  • Six infants with PPHN inhaled up to 80 parts per million of NO with an oxygen fraction of 0.9 for up to 30 minutes.
  • Systemic oxygenation (preductal and postductal saturation and oxygen tensions) and blood pressure were monitored.

Main Results:

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  • Inhaled NO significantly and rapidly increased preductal oxygen saturation in all infants.
  • Five out of six infants showed increased postductal oxygen saturation and oxygen tensions.
  • No instances of systemic hypotension or elevated methemoglobin levels were observed.

    • Conclusions:

    • Low-level inhaled nitric oxide (NO) is an effective treatment for reversing hypoxemia in newborns with PPHN.
    • Inhaled NO offers a targeted approach to pulmonary vasodilation without significant systemic side effects.