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What Types of Physical Function Predict Program Adherence in Older Adults?

Minhui Liu1, Christina E Miyawaki2

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Older adults with better physical function, including strength and mobility, tend to adhere more to group exercise programs. Tailoring programs to individual needs is crucial for improving adherence.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adherence to evidence-based group exercise programs is crucial for older adults' health.
  • Understanding factors influencing adherence can optimize program effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe demographic characteristics by adherence levels in a large cohort of older adults.
  • To examine the association between baseline physical function and adherence to a group exercise program.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective exploratory study with 36,373 participants.
  • Physical function assessed via 30-second chair-stand, arm-curl, and 8-foot up-and-go tests.
  • Adherence calculated as the proportion of attended over offered sessions.

Main Results:

  • Mean adherence was 52%, with higher rates in older males, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and those with fewer chronic conditions.
  • Baseline 30-second chair-stand, arm-curl, and 8-foot up-and-go tests significantly predicted adherence levels.
  • Demographic factors also influenced adherence rates.

Conclusions:

  • Greater upper/lower-extremity strength and better mobility/balance correlate with higher exercise program adherence in older adults.
  • Programs should be offered at varied physical function levels to accommodate individual needs.
  • Personalized approaches are key to enhancing adherence in geriatric exercise interventions.