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Association of physical activity and cardiorespiratory function or BMI and body composition in preterm-born

Juliane Spiegler1,2, Robert Eves1, Marina Mendonça1

  • 1Department of Psychology and Division of Mental Health & Wellbeing, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|January 22, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Physical activity (PA) benefits preterm individuals. More PA is linked to better cardiorespiratory function and lower body mass index (BMI) in preterm children and adults, particularly those with health risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Pediatrics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Preterm birth can impact long-term health, including cardiorespiratory function and body composition.
  • The role of physical activity (PA) in mitigating these effects in preterm individuals requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between physical activity (PA) and key health indicators in preterm-born individuals.
  • Specific outcomes assessed include forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak oxygen consumption (pVO2), body mass index (BMI), and body composition.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, AMED, ERIC, Web of Science, PsycInfo) up to January 2018.
  • Included studies comprised 1922 preterm-born individuals aged 5-25, utilizing diverse PA assessment methods.
  • Data were extracted comparing outcomes based on varying frequencies of PA.

Main Results:

  • In preterm children, increased PA was associated with improved cardiorespiratory function in those with impaired lung function and lower BMI in those with risk factors.
  • No association was found in unimpaired preterm children.
  • Preterm adults engaging in more PA showed higher peak oxygen consumption (pVO2) and lower body mass index (BMI).

Conclusions:

  • The association between PA and health outcomes in preterm individuals suggests potential benefits, particularly for those with specific health challenges.
  • Tentative conclusions can be drawn, but further research is needed to clarify differences between preterm- and term-born populations.
  • Future studies should focus on preterm individuals with reduced cardiorespiratory function to better understand PA's role.
Abstract

Keywords:
Body CompositionInfantLung functionPeak oxygen consumptionPhysical activityPremature

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