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Pressure ulcers: Pathophysiology, epidemiology, risk factors, and presentation
Joshua S Mervis1, Tania J Phillips1
1Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|January 22, 2019
Summary
Pressure ulcers affect millions annually, causing significant burdens despite prevention efforts. Dermatologists are crucial for recognizing risks, early signs, and proper staging to improve patient care and reduce costs.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Wound Care
- Public Health
Background:
- Pressure ulcers (PUs) represent a significant health burden, affecting millions in the US annually.
- Despite increased attention, PU prevalence remains high, with escalating care costs.
- Dermatologists can significantly impact PU prevention and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiology, risk factors, and epidemiology of pressure ulcers.
- To discuss the social and economic impact of pressure ulcers.
- To outline the clinical presentation and early detection of pressure ulcers for dermatologists.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pressure ulcer research.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on pressure ulcer prevalence.
- Clinical case study review for presentation identification.
Main Results:
- Pressure ulcers affect up to 3 million adults annually in the US.
- Prevalence has remained unchanged despite 20 years of focus.
- Associated healthcare costs continue to rise.
Conclusions:
- Dermatologists play a vital role in pressure ulcer prevention and management.
- Awareness of at-risk populations and preventive strategies is key.
- Early recognition and staging by dermatologists can prevent delayed care.
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