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Executive Functions, Episodic Autobiographical Memory, Problem-Solving Capacity, and Depression Proposal for a

Juan C Meléndez1, Rita Redondo1, Joaquin Escudero2

  • 11 Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia (Spain), Valencia, Spain.

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Executive functions are crucial for recalling past experiences (episodic autobiographical memory) and solving problems. Depression can impair these cognitive functions, impacting overall problem-solving ability.

Keywords:
autobiographical memorydepressionexecutive functionproblem-solvingstructural equations model

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Executive functions are vital for memory retrieval and problem-solving.
  • A known link exists between depression and executive function deficits.
  • Episodic autobiographical memory aids in present problem-solving by recalling past experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a structural equation model investigating the interplay between executive functions, episodic autobiographical memory, and problem-solving capacity.
  • To examine the modulating effect of depressed mood on these relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 128 participants: 32 healthy elderly, 32 Parkinson's disease patients, 32 amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients, and 32 Alzheimer's disease patients.
  • Employed structural equation modeling to analyze the relationships among key constructs.

Main Results:

  • The final model demonstrated good fit, indicating significant relationships.
  • Problem-solving capacity is contingent upon accessing episodic autobiographical memory.
  • Episodic autobiographical memory relies on the maintenance of executive functioning.
  • Depressive symptoms were found to modulate these relationships, diminishing executive control-dependent capacities.

Conclusions:

  • Executive functions and episodic autobiographical memory are essential for adaptive problem-solving.
  • Depression negatively impacts executive functions and, consequently, problem-solving abilities.
  • The findings highlight the interconnectedness of cognitive and emotional states in daily functioning.