Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Series R—L Circuit Transients01:22

Series R—L Circuit Transients

395
In a series resistor-inductor (R-L) circuit, closing the switch at the start of the time period simulates a three-phase short circuit, a fault condition where all three phases of an unloaded synchronous machine are short-circuited. When there is no fault impedance and no initial current, the initial voltage is determined by the phase angle of the source voltage.
Using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) to analyze this circuit helps determine the total asymmetrical fault current, which consists...
395
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

1.3K
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
1.3K
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

797
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
797
Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

1.0K
Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
1.0K
Cognition and Behavior01:23

Cognition and Behavior

371
Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
371

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sleep deprivation impairs information processing via dysregulation of chloride homeostasis in the prefrontal cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Intrinsic Cell-Class-Specific Modulation of Intracellular Chloride Levels and Inhibitory Function, in Cortical Networks, between Day and Night.

eNeuro·2025
Same author

Visual motion and landmark position align with heading direction in the zebrafish interpeduncular nucleus.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Spontaneous activity of astrocytes is a stochastic functional signal for memory consolidation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

A Journey between Neurons and Astrocytes: A Tribute to Giorgio Carmignoto.

Neurochemical research·2025
Same author

Inhibitory circuit dysfunction as a potential contributor to cortical reorganization in Glioblastoma progression.

Neurobiology of disease·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
16:08

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition

Published on: February 1, 2012

16.8K

Transient Cognitive Impairment in Epilepsy.

Silvia Landi1, Luigi Petrucco2, Federico Sicca3

  • 1NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy.

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
|January 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Imbalances in brain excitation/inhibition (E/I) are linked to neuropsychiatric disorders. Abnormal EEG activity, even without seizures, can impair cognitive function by disrupting brain processing.

Keywords:
EEGanimal models of epilepsycognitive impairment in mental disorderepileptic encephalopathyinterictal epileptiform discharges

More Related Videos

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

8.1K
Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
05:58

Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: March 11, 2021

5.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
16:08

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition

Published on: February 1, 2012

16.8K
A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

8.1K
Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
05:58

Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: March 11, 2021

5.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropsychiatry
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Impaired excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders like autism, bipolar disorder, and epilepsy.
  • Subtle hyperexcitability can alter electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns and cause cognitive deficits, even without clinical seizures.
  • Non-ictal epileptiform activity is known to degrade cognitive performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of abnormal EEG activity on brain computation.
  • To synthesize findings from clinical data and animal models regarding E/I balance and cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical data.
  • Analysis of findings from genetic and pharmacological animal models.
  • Examination of cognitive testing paradigms in the presence of abnormal neural activity.

Main Results:

  • Anomalous brain activity can transiently disrupt cortical processing, leading to cognitive deficits.
  • This disruption occurs independently of the specific disease etiology.
  • Evidence from both human studies and animal models supports this mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the E/I balance is crucial for comprehending cognitive impairments in neuropsychiatric conditions.
  • Abnormal EEG activity represents a significant factor affecting cognitive function.
  • Further research integrating clinical and preclinical data is needed to fully elucidate these mechanisms.