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Related Concept Videos

Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

943
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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What is a Hypothesis?01:14

What is a Hypothesis?

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A hypothesis can be a simple sentence or statement about a property or any phenomenon observed or predicted for a population. It is usually a claim about a  property of the population. It can be stated for any field observations or experiments. A hypothesis statement cannot be said to be right or wrong as it is merely a statement. It needs to be tested through an elaborate data collection process and an appropriate statistical test. A hypothesis should be a general but not a vague...
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Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Types of Hypothesis Testing01:11

Types of Hypothesis Testing

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There are three types of hypothesis tests: right-tailed, left-tailed, and two-tailed.
When the null and alternative hypotheses are stated, it is observed that the null hypothesis is a neutral statement against which the alternative hypothesis is tested. The alternative hypothesis is a claim that instead has a certain direction. If the null hypothesis claims that p = 0.5, the alternative hypothesis would be an opposing statement to this and can be put either p > 0.5, p < 0.5, or p...
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Errors In Hypothesis Tests01:14

Errors In Hypothesis Tests

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When performing a hypothesis test, there are four possible outcomes depending on the actual truth (or falseness) of the null hypothesis and the decision to reject or not.
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A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia
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Glutamate hypothesis in schizophrenia.

Yota Uno1,2,3, Joseph T Coyle1,2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|January 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glutamatergic dysregulation, particularly involving the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), is implicated in schizophrenia. Targeting this pathway offers new therapeutic avenues for treatment-resistant symptoms.

Keywords:
D-serineN-methyl-d-aspartate receptorglutamateschizophreniaserine racemase

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic psychiatric disorder with significant societal impact.
  • Effective therapeutic interventions are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Glutamatergic dysregulation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in schizophrenia's pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence linking glutamatergic neurotransmission alterations to schizophrenia.
  • To explore the role of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction in schizophrenia.
  • To discuss novel treatment development strategies based on glutamatergic insights.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacologic challenges.
  • Analysis of post-mortem studies.
  • Examination of brain imaging and genetic studies.
  • Evaluation of recent randomized clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • Substantial evidence supports glutamatergic dysregulation in schizophrenia.
  • NMDAR dysfunction is a critical potential causative feature.
  • Insights into glutamatergic pathways are guiding new treatment development.

Conclusions:

  • Altered glutamatergic neurotransmission, especially NMDAR function, is central to schizophrenia.
  • Understanding these mechanisms opens new therapeutic avenues.
  • This approach may reduce treatment-resistant symptoms and persistent disability.