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Tumor Necrosis Factor and Regulatory T Cells
Min Kyung Jung1, Jeong Seok Lee1, Jeong Eun Kwak2
1Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
Yonsei Medical Journal
|January 23, 2019
Summary
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has complex effects on regulatory T (Treg) cells, sometimes reducing and sometimes maintaining their suppressive activity. Some Treg cells can produce TNF, influencing immune homeostasis and disease.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Regulatory T (Treg) cells, specifically CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺, are crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis.
- The interaction between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Treg cells is complex and not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the multifaceted relationship between TNF and Treg cells.
- To explore the impact of TNF on Treg cell function and the phenomenon of TNF-producing Treg cells.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing existing research on TNF and Treg cells.
- Analysis of studies investigating TNF's effects on Treg cell suppressive activity.
- Examination of evidence for Treg cells producing TNF under inflammatory conditions.
Main Results:
- Contradictory findings exist regarding TNF's effect on Treg cell suppressive activity.
- TNF has been shown to both reduce Treg suppressive activity (e.g., in rheumatoid arthritis) and maintain it via TNFR2.
- Treg cells can acquire TNF production capabilities, exhibiting T helper 17-like features in inflammatory settings.
Conclusions:
- The role of TNF in modulating Treg cell function is context-dependent and complex.
- TNF-producing Treg cells represent a distinct subset with implications for various human diseases.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and clinical significance of this interaction.
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