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An Improved Imaging Algorithm for High-Resolution Spotlight SAR with Continuous PRI Variation Based on Modified Sinc

Shiyang Chen1,2,3, Lijia Huang4,5, Xiaolan Qiu6,7

  • 1Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. chenshiyang16@mails.ucas.ac.cn.

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Summary

This study introduces an improved imaging algorithm for spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) using continuous Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) variation. The method enhances computational efficiency and accuracy for extremely high-resolution imaging, overcoming limitations of conventional systems.

Keywords:
PRI variationhigh-resolutionmodified sinc interpolationspotlight SAR

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Area of Science:

  • Remote Sensing
  • Signal Processing
  • Electromagnetics

Background:

  • Conventional synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems face limitations in achieving both wide swath coverage and high azimuth resolution simultaneously.
  • Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) variation offers a solution but introduces ambiguities due to nonuniform sampling.
  • Existing reconstructive methods like Nonuniform Discrete Fourier Transform (NUDFT) are computationally intensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computationally efficient and accurate imaging algorithm for spotlight SAR with continuous Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) variation.
  • To address the challenges of nonuniform sampling and ambiguities in high-resolution SAR imaging.
  • To improve upon existing NUDFT-based reconstruction methods.

Main Methods:

  • A modified sinc interpolation technique based on NUDFT is proposed for reconstructing uniformly sampled echo data.
  • The modified sinc interpolation utilizes a shorter kernel for improved computational efficiency.
  • A two-step processing approach is combined with the modified sinc interpolation for enhanced accuracy.

Main Results:

  • The proposed modified sinc interpolation significantly improves computational efficiency compared to conventional NUDFT.
  • The two-step processing approach combined with modified sinc interpolation demonstrates superior accuracy.
  • Experimental validation using simulated and GF-3 satellite data confirms the approach's validity and accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The developed algorithm effectively overcomes the resolution-swath limitations of conventional SAR systems.
  • The modified sinc interpolation offers a computationally efficient alternative for high-resolution SAR imaging.
  • The proposed method provides a robust and accurate solution for spotlight SAR data processing.