Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Orthotopic Implantation of Patient-Derived Cancer Cells in Mice Recapitulates Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Published on: February 10, 2023
Tumor-associated Macrophages and Neuroendocrine Differentiation Decrease the Efficacy of Bevacizumab Plus
Fatma Sena Dost Gunay1, Bilge Ayca Kırmızı2, Arzu Ensari2
1Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Background:
In the present study, we investigated the prognostic and predictive role of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration in tumor tissue from patients with advanced colorectal cancer who had received bevacizumab plus chemotherapy.
Patients And Methods:
A total of 123 consecutive patients with advanced colorectal cancer who had received bevacizumab plus irinotecan/oxaliplatin-based combination chemotherapy were included in the present study. In addition to the clinicopathologic parameters, the presence of NED and the level of TAM infiltration were studied as covariates for survival analysis.
Results:
The median patient age was 57 years (range, 30-76 years). The chemotherapy backbone was FOLFIRI (folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan) for 75% of the patients. Univariate analysis showed that only NED and TAM infiltration were significant predictive factors for progression-free survival. Left-sided tumors and low TAM infiltration were favorable factors for overall survival on univariate analysis. However, the TAM level was the only independent prognostic factor for overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.301; 95% confidence interval, 0.102-0.892).
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that increased TAM infiltration in tumor tissue and NED could decrease the efficacy of bevacizumab plus combination chemotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. TAM infiltration in the tumor tissue could be used as a biomarker in patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving bevacizumab plus chemotherapy.
More Related Videos
08:42Establishment of a Co-culture System of Patient-Derived Colorectal Tumor Organoids and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs)
Published on: June 27, 2025
06:46Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
Published on: September 27, 2024
Related Concept Videos
Decreasing Function
Decreased Body Temperature
Decreased pulse rate
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
Self-Efficacy
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...