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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Treatment of MDS.

Uwe Platzbecker1

  • 1Medical Clinic and Policlinic 1, Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany; German MDS Study Group, Leipzig, Germany; and European Myelodysplastic Syndromes Cooperative Group, Leipzig, Germany.

Blood
|January 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) treatments are limited, with stem cell transplant only curative for a few. Research is advancing, but novel therapies are urgently needed for patients not responding to current treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Translational Research

Background:

  • Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous, requiring personalized treatment.
  • Current non-curative therapies aim to manage symptoms and delay progression.
  • Allogeneic stem cell transplantation offers a cure but is limited to a small patient subset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current therapeutic landscape for myelodysplastic syndromes.
  • To highlight recent advances in clinical and translational research for MDS.
  • To identify unmet needs in MDS treatment, particularly for refractory cases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current MDS treatment strategies.
  • Analysis of recent clinical trials and translational research findings.

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  • Focus on risk-adapted, non-intensive therapeutic approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • Despite molecular understanding, novel MDS treatments are lacking.
    • Existing therapies improve quality of life but are not curative.
    • Significant need exists for patients failing first-line treatments like hypomethylating agents.

    Conclusions:

    • Advances in understanding MDS molecular mechanisms are substantial.
    • Novel therapeutic opportunities are emerging from ongoing research.
    • Further translational research is crucial for developing new MDS treatments.