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Reconnection scaling in quantum fluids.

Enrico Fonda1, Katepalli R Sreenivasan2,3, Daniel P Lathrop4,5,6

  • 1Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY 10012.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers visualized quantum vortex reconnection in superfluid helium-4. They discovered a robust 1/2-power scaling law for intervortex separation, offering insights into fundamental singularity dynamics.

Keywords:
quantized vorticesreconnectionssuperfluidsvisualization

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Fluid Dynamics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Topological Defects

Background:

  • Line-like singularities, such as quantum vortices, are fundamental to various physical systems.
  • Vortex reconnection is a key phenomenon governing the dynamics of these singularities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To visualize and characterize the reconnection dynamics of quantum vortices in superfluid 4He.
  • To investigate the scaling laws and influence of intervortex angles during reconnection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized submicrometer frozen air tracers for visualization in near-rest superfluid 4He.
  • Conducted experiments in the intermediate asymptotic region, defined by specific distance scales.
  • Employed analytical and numerical models for comparison with experimental data.

Main Results:

  • Observed fewer, straighter, and slower-moving vortices compared to previous studies.
  • Identified a robust 1/2-power scaling of intervortex separation with time.
  • Characterized the impact of intervortex angle on recoiling vortex evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental data aligns with analytical and numerical models, supporting self-similar solutions.
  • Reconnection dynamics in the intermediate asymptotic region differ significantly from vortex tangles or small-scale interactions.