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Anchoring-and-Adjustment During Affect Inferences.

Michelle Yik1, Kin Fai Ellick Wong2, Kevin J Zeng1

  • 1Division of Social Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People use irrelevant numerical or semantic anchors when inferring feelings from scenarios. Time pressure reduces adjustments, increasing anchor bias in social cognition.

Keywords:
affect inferencesanchoring-and-adjustmentnumerical anchorssemantic anchorstime pressure

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Cognition
  • Judgment and Decision Making

Background:

  • Humans frequently infer others' thoughts and feelings from contextual information.
  • Understanding the cognitive mechanisms behind these social inferences is crucial.
  • The anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic is a known cognitive bias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic in inferring affect from scenario descriptions.
  • To examine how semantic and numerical anchors influence social inference.
  • To explore the moderating effect of time pressure on anchoring effects in social judgment.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted three between-subject experiments presenting participants with scenario descriptions.
  • Manipulated the presence and type (semantic/numerical) of irrelevant anchors.
  • Varied time pressure in one study to assess its impact on adjustment processes.

Main Results:

  • Social inferences were significantly biased towards the provided anchoring information.
  • Participants made fewer adjustments away from anchors under time pressure, especially with high anchors.
  • Despite a tendency to adjust away from anchors, this process was hampered by time constraints.

Conclusions:

  • The anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic plays a significant role in inferring emotions from social scenarios.
  • Irrelevant anchors, both semantic and numerical, can bias social judgments.
  • Time pressure impairs the cognitive adjustments necessary to overcome anchoring biases in social perception.