Does the Infant-Driven Feeding Method Positively Impact Preterm Infant Feeding Outcomes?

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Care
• Pediatric Nutrition
• Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

• Independent oral feeding is crucial for NICU discharge and impacts length of stay.
• Significant variation exists in oral feeding protocols within and between NICUs.
• The Infant-Driven Feeding (IDF) method uses behavioral assessments (readiness, quality, caregiver support) for communication.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review evidence on the Infant-Driven Feeding (IDF) method's impact on oral feeding initiation and achievement.
• To assess the IDF method's effect on time to independent oral feedings.
• To evaluate the IDF method's influence on length of stay in NICU/level II nurseries for preterm infants.

Main Methods:

• Searched four databases (CINAHL, Medline/PubMed, Ovid Nursing, Embase) for relevant feeding methodologies.
• Used keywords: "infant guided feedings," "infant driven feeding," "cue-based feeding," "co regulated feeding."
• Reviewed 32 full-text articles for experimental, quasiexperimental, or retrospective study designs.

Main Results:

• No experimental, quasiexperimental, or retrospective studies specifically using the IDF method were identified.
• Three quality improvement projects utilized the IDF method with conflicting findings.
• One project showed IDF improved achievement of oral feedings; two showed reduced length of stay; one found no significant differences.

Conclusions:

• Current evidence supporting the Infant-Driven Feeding (IDF) method is limited to quality improvement projects.
• Empirical validation of the IDF method is necessary.
• Further research is required to guide practices for initiating and advancing oral feeding in preterm infants.