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Genotypic and Phenotypic Variations in Botrytis spp. Isolates from Single Strawberry Flowers
Meng-Jun Hu1, Madeline E Dowling1, Guido Schnabel1
1Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634.
Plant Disease
|January 24, 2019
Summary
Gray mold (Botrytis spp.) shows high genetic and fungicide resistance diversity within individual strawberry flowers. This finding is crucial for managing fungicide resistance in strawberry crops.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Mycology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Gray mold, caused by Botrytis spp., is a major global threat to strawberry production.
- Pathogen diversity aids survival and adaptation in agricultural environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Botrytis spp. within individual strawberry flowers.
- To analyze fungicide resistance profiles in relation to genetic diversity at the single-tissue level.
Main Methods:
- Collected 192 Botrytis isolates from 19 strawberry flowers across four farms.
- Utilized microsatellite fragment analysis to determine genotypic diversity (haplotypes).
- Assessed phenotypic diversity through fungicide resistance profiling against multiple chemical classes.
Main Results:
- Identified 42 haplotypes, with multiple haplotypes of Botrytis cinerea and B. fragariae found in 12 flowers.
- Observed coexistence of both Botrytis species in three flowers.
- Found common multi-fungicide resistance in both species; B. cinerea showed resistance to boscalid and penthiopyrad, while B. fragariae exhibited new US resistance to cyprodinil.
Conclusions:
- High genotypic and phenotypic diversity of Botrytis spp. exists within individual strawberry blossoms, not just fields.
- Genetic diversity is largely linked to specific resistance profiles, though one profile can have multiple haplotypes.
- Findings inform strawberry disease epidemiology and fungicide resistance management strategies, emphasizing targeted monitoring.
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