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Selecting Bacterial Antagonists for Cucurbit Downy Mildew and Developing an Effective Application Method.

Li Zheng1, Chun Gu2, Jing Cao3

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Science, Huai'an Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University; Jiangsu Provincial Biogenic Pesticide Engineering Center; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Education; Nanjing 210095, China; and Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou Experimental Station; Guangzhou 510140, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New bacterial antagonists were identified for cucurbit downy mildew (CDM). Bacillus pumilus DS22, Bacillus licheniformis HS10, and Enterobacter sp. DP14 showed significant biocontrol efficacy and improved cucumber yield.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Microbiology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Cucurbit downy mildew (CDM), caused by Pseudoperonospra cubensis, poses a significant threat to cucumber production.
  • Effective and sustainable disease management strategies are crucial for protecting crop yields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and identify novel bacterial antagonists for controlling cucurbit downy mildew (CDM).
  • To evaluate the biocontrol efficacy of promising bacterial isolates against CDM in greenhouse and field conditions.
  • To assess the plant-growth-promoting effects of effective bacterial antagonists on cucumber plants.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of 163 bacterial strains from cucumber microenvironments.
  • Greenhouse screening of 19 isolates for foliar spray (FS) efficacy against CDM.
  • Field trials over two years evaluating top-performing strains (DP14, DS22, HS10) using FS and root drench (RD) application methods.
  • Assessment of bacterial colonization in leaves and rhizosphere, and impact on fruit yield and nutrient levels.

Main Results:

  • Seven out of 19 isolates demonstrated over 60% efficacy against CDM in greenhouse trials.
  • Five isolates were identified, including Bacillus pumilus DS22, Bacillus licheniformis HS10, and Enterobacter sp. DP14.
  • Field trials showed that strains DP14, DS22, and HS10 achieved 106.25–117.17% efficacy relative to propamocarb when applied via foliar spray plus root drench (FS+RD).
  • FS+RD application was more effective than FS alone (70.98–84.03% efficacy).
  • Root drench (RD) alone also significantly reduced CDM.
  • Bacterial strains successfully colonized cucumber leaves and rhizosphere.
  • Fruit yield increased by 37.60–51.03% with significant nutrient level improvements.

Conclusions:

  • Enterobacter sp. DP14, Bacillus licheniformis HS10, and Bacillus pumilus DS22 are effective biocontrol agents against cucurbit downy mildew (CDM).
  • Combined foliar spray and root drench (FS+RD) application enhances biocontrol efficacy.
  • These plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria contribute to increased cucumber yield and improved plant nutrition.