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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Optogenetic Functional MRI

Optogenetic Functional MRI

Published on: April 19, 2016

Retracted: Large Timescale Interrogation of Neuronal Function by Fiberless Optogenetics Using Lanthanide

Toh Miyazaki¹, Srikanta Chowdhury¹, Takayuki Yamashita²

¹Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; CREST, JST, Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.

|January 24, 2019

Summary

Fiberless optogenetics uses lanthanide micro-particles to activate opsins with near-infrared light, overcoming limitations of traditional fiber-based methods for controlling neural activity in freely moving animals.

Keywords:

C1V1 Optogenetics adeno-associated virus vector anion channelrhodopsin channelrhodopsin fiberless infrared lanthanide upconversion

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Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Published on: February 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Materials Science

Background:

Optogenetics typically requires invasive optical fibers for light delivery.
Visible light used in optogenetics has poor tissue penetration, limiting depth and causing damage.
Existing methods restrict animal behavior due to fiber tethers and tissue damage.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a minimally invasive, fiberless optogenetics technique.
To enable neuronal control using tissue-penetrating near-infrared light.
To overcome the limitations of current optogenetic approaches.

Main Methods:

Developed lanthanide micro-particles (LMPs) emitting visible light via up-conversion luminescence.
Activated depolarizing (C1V1) and hyperpolarizing (ACR1) opsins with LMP luminescence.
In vivo testing in mice, targeting dorsal striatum neurons at 2mm depth.

Main Results:

LMPs successfully activated opsins in vitro and in vivo.
Demonstrated manipulation of mouse locomotive behavior via neuronal activation/inhibition.
LMPs showed sustained functionality (>8 weeks) at the injection site.

Conclusions:

Fiberless optogenetics with LMPs is a viable, minimally invasive alternative.
This technique allows for long-term neuronal control in freely behaving animals.
Offers new possibilities for studying neural circuits and treating neurological disorders.