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Modeling nutrient and disease dynamics in a plant-pathogen system.

Bruce Pell1, Amy E Kendig, Elizabeth T Borer

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA.

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering : MBE
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PubMed
Summary

Human activities impact nutrient cycles, affecting disease dynamics. This study models nutrient effects on virus-host interactions, revealing nutrient-mediated viral production is key to understanding pathogen dynamics.

Keywords:
cereal yellow dwarf virusesdelay differential equationdisease ecologydroop equationwithin-host

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Human activities significantly alter elemental nutrient cycling, impacting ecosystems like agriculture and grasslands.
  • Elevated nitrogen and phosphorus levels are increasingly linked to altered disease dynamics across various taxa.
  • Mathematical models explicitly incorporating nutrients into host-pathogen interactions are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and compare two mathematical models of host-pathogen dynamics that explicitly include nutrient effects.
  • To investigate how nutrient availability influences viral production and infection dynamics in a plant-virus system.
  • To derive a nutrient-dependent virus reproduction number.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized experimental data on viral load and plant mass for the cereal yellow dwarf virus and its host, Avena sativa.
  • Developed two distinct mathematical models: one with nutrient-limited virus production and another with a nutrient-induced viral production delay.
  • Derived a virus reproduction number incorporating environmental and physiological attributes influenced by nutrients.

Main Results:

  • Both proposed models demonstrate that nutrient mediation significantly impacts host-pathogen dynamics.
  • The models highlight the distinct effects of nutrient-limited production versus nutrient-induced production delays on viral spread.
  • The derived virus reproduction number effectively integrates nutrient-mediated effects.

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating nutrient-mediated viral production mechanisms into mathematical models provides a robust framework for studying disease dynamics.
  • These models can help elucidate the complex relationships between nutrient cycling and pathogen behavior in ecosystems.
  • Understanding nutrient impacts on disease is crucial for managing agricultural and natural systems.