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The Role of Exosomes in Diseases Related to Infertility

Huang Jiayu1, Zhang Hanke1, Gao Ying1

  • 1Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy
|January 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This review explores exosomes, tiny vesicles released by cells, and their role in infertility. Research highlights their potential involvement in reproductive diseases and diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Extracellular Vesicles

Background:

  • Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (40-100nm) originating from endosomal pathways.
  • These vesicles are enclosed by a lipid bilayer and carry functional biomolecules like proteins, mRNA, and microRNAs (miRNAs).
  • Exosomes are secreted by diverse cell types and play roles in intercellular communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in exosome research concerning infertility.
  • To explore the involvement of exosomes in the pathogenesis of reproductive diseases.
  • To discuss the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of exosomes in infertility.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on exosomes and infertility.
  • Analysis of studies investigating exosome biogenesis and cargo.
  • Synthesis of findings on exosome function in reproductive health and disease.

Main Results:

  • Exosomes contain specific proteins, mRNA, and miRNAs that can reflect the physiological state of their parent cells.
  • Altered exosome profiles are observed in various infertility-related conditions.
  • Exosomes may influence reproductive processes through molecular signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes represent a promising area of research for understanding and diagnosing infertility.
  • Further investigation is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which exosomes affect fertility.
  • Exosomes hold potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for infertility treatment.
Keywords:
Exosomesdiseasesendometriosisinfertilitypolycystic ovary syndromereproductive medicine.

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