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Related Experiment Video

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Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
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Implicit process interventions in eating behaviour: a meta-analysis examining mediators and moderators.

Matthias B Aulbach1, Keegan Knittle1, Ari Haukkala1

  • 1a Faculty of Social Sciences, Social Psychology , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.

Health Psychology Review
|January 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Computerized tasks show small effects on dietary behaviors and implicit biases. Go/No-Go tasks appear most effective for changing eating habits via implicit processes.

Keywords:
Eatingbehaviour changeimplicit cognitionimpulsivityinterventionmeta-analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dual-process models suggest both deliberative and impulsive systems influence dietary behaviors.
  • Computerized tasks like Go/No-Go aim to modify implicit biases, potentially impacting eating habits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analyze the effects of implicit bias intervention tasks on dietary behaviors.
  • To explore moderators of intervention effectiveness, including task type.
  • To examine implicit bias change as a mechanism for behavioral effects.

Main Methods:

  • A random-effects meta-analysis of 30 randomized controlled trials (47 comparisons) was conducted.
  • Included studies tested computerized implicit bias interventions on eating-related outcomes.
  • Statistical analyses explored task type as a moderator and the relationship between bias change and behavioral outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Interventions showed small, cumulative effects on both eating behaviors (g = -0.17) and implicit biases (g = -0.18).
  • Go/No-Go tasks demonstrated significantly larger effects compared to other intervention types.
  • Changes in implicit biases were positively associated with changes in eating behavior (B = 0.42).

Conclusions:

  • Go/No-Go tasks hold potential for altering dietary behaviors by targeting implicit processes.
  • While implicit bias changes correlate with behavioral outcomes, further research is needed on real-world intervention value.
  • Current interventions have limited but statistically significant effects, warranting further investigation into practical applications.