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In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
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Flexion Instability After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Jeffrey B Stambough1, Paul K Edwards, Erin M Mannen

  • 1From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|January 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flexion instability after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) results from an enlarged flexion gap, causing pain and weakness. Revision TKA for this issue yields poorer outcomes, highlighting the need for better diagnostic methods and treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Flexion instability in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) arises from a larger flexion gap than extension gap.
  • Clinical presentation includes recurrent effusions, subjective instability, quadriceps weakness, and periretinacular pain.
  • Current diagnostic methods for flexion laxity lack standardized positions and grading, complicating diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes, diagnosis, and management of flexion instability after TKA.
  • To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and treating this specific TKA complication.
  • To emphasize the need for improved diagnostic criteria and understanding of TKA flexion instability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on TKA flexion instability.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges.
  • Discussion of current and potential surgical management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Flexion instability is associated with specific symptoms and an increased flexion gap.
  • Nonsurgical options include quadriceps strengthening and bracing.
  • Surgical management focuses on optimizing component positioning and implant selection.
  • Revision TKA for flexion instability shows suboptimal patient outcomes compared to other revision etiologies.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized diagnostic criteria for TKA flexion instability are currently lacking.
  • Surgical revision for flexion instability is less successful than for other TKA failures.
  • Further research involving biomechanical analysis and computational modeling is essential to understand and address this complication.