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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

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Revised upper limb module for spinal muscular atrophy: 12 month changes.

Maria Carmela Pera1, Giorgia Coratti1, Elena S Mazzone1

  • 1Paediatric Neurology and Centro Clinico Nemo, Catholic University and Policlinico Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.

Muscle & Nerve
|January 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Upper limb function in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) types 2 and 3 showed minimal 12-month changes. The Revised Upper Limb Module effectively assessed function across different SMA types and ages.

Keywords:
Functional assessmentLongitudinal DataNeuromuscular disordersOutcome measuresSpinal Muscular AtrophyUpper limb

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) encompasses genetic disorders affecting motor neurons.
  • Upper limb function is a key indicator of disease progression and quality of life in SMA patients.
  • The Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM) is a tool for assessing upper limb function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate 12-month changes in upper limb function for patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) types 2 and 3.
  • To assess the utility of the Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM) in a diverse SMA population.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal data collected over 12 months from 114 patients (60 type 2, 54 type 3).
  • The Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM) was used to measure upper limb function.
  • Statistical analysis compared changes across SMA types and age groups.

Main Results:

  • Overall 12-month changes in upper limb function ranged from -7 to 9 (mean: -0.41).
  • No significant differences in mean 12-month changes were observed between SMA type 2, non-ambulant type 3, and ambulant type 3 patients (p=0.96).
  • The relationship between 12-month functional change and age was not significantly different across SMA types.

Conclusions:

  • The Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM) is a versatile tool for assessing upper limb function in ambulant and non-ambulant SMA patients.
  • The RULM can be used across various age groups and in conjunction with other functional scales.
  • SMA types 2 and 3 demonstrate relatively stable upper limb function over a 12-month period, as measured by the RULM.