Revised upper limb module for spinal muscular atrophy: 12 month changes
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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies
Published on: October 11, 2024
Maria Carmela Pera1, Giorgia Coratti1, Elena S Mazzone1
1Paediatric Neurology and Centro Clinico Nemo, Catholic University and Policlinico Gemelli, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.
Introduction:
The aim of the study was to assess 12 month changes in upper limb function in patients affected by spinal muscular atrophy type 2 and 3.
Methods:
Longitudinal 12 month data was collected in 114 patients, 60 type 2 and 54 type 3, using the Revised Upper Limb Module.
Results:
The 12 month changes ranged between -7 and 9 (mean: -0.41; SD: 2.93). The mean changes were not significantly different between the three spinal muscular atrophy groups (-0.45 in type 2, -0.23 in non-ambulant type 3 and -0.34 in ambulant type 3, p = 0.96) and the relationship between 12 month change and age classes was not significantly different among the three types of SMA patients.
Discussion:
Our results confirm that the Module explores a wide range of functional abilities and can be used in ambulant and non-ambulant patients of different ages in conjunction with other functional scales. Muscle Nerve 59:426-430, 2019.
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